python中super的用法实例解析

枫铃4年前 (2021-07-10)Python245

概念

super作为python的内建函数。主要作用如下：

允许我们避免使用基类
跟随多重继承来使用

实例

在单个继承的场景下，一般使用super来调用基类来实现：
下面是一个例子：

class Mammal(object):
  def __init__(self, mammalName):
    print(mammalName, 'is a warm-blooded animal.')
    
class Dog(Mammal):
  def __init__(self):
    print('Dog has four legs.')
    super().__init__('Dog')
    
d1 = Dog()

输出结果：

➜ super git:(master) ✗ py super_script.py
Dog has four legs.
Dog is a warm-blooded animal.

super在多重继承里面的使用：
下面是一个例子：

'''
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'''
class Animal:
  def __init__(self, animalName):
    print(animalName, 'is an animal.');
class Mammal(Animal):
  def __init__(self, mammalName):
    print(mammalName, 'is a warm-blooded animal.')
    super().__init__(mammalName)

class NonWingedMammal(Mammal):
  def __init__(self, NonWingedMammalName):
    print(NonWingedMammalName, "can't fly.")
    super().__init__(NonWingedMammalName)
class NonMarineMammal(Mammal):
  def __init__(self, NonMarineMammalName):
    print(NonMarineMammalName, "can't swim.")
    super().__init__(NonMarineMammalName)
class Dog(NonMarineMammal, NonWingedMammal):
  def __init__(self):
    print('Dog has 4 legs.');
    super().__init__('Dog')

d = Dog()
print('')
bat = NonMarineMammal('Bat')

输出结果：

➜  super git:(master) ✗ py super_muli.py
Dog has 4 legs.
Dog can't swim.
Dog can't fly.
Dog is a warm-blooded animal.
Dog is an animal.

Bat can't swim.
Bat is a warm-blooded animal.
Bat is an animal.